The new technological era has led to significant changes in people’s perceptions and learning. It is particularly noteworthy the impact that technologies such as Television and Internet have had on our global society and the manner in which the individuals adjust themselves to those new realities. The Television has played a substantial role in what concerns the spectator’s learning since the 1950s, both in formal contexts of teaching-learning, and in informal contexts, combining educational contents, entertainment and information. In turn, Internet has contributed to a greater and faster access to information thus increasing the development of a collective intelligence. Therefore, it is crucial to determine how the brain reacts to external stimulus caused by the use of such technologies, namely the cognitive effects. This paper intends to analyse, debate and reflect about the cognitive changes, whether positive or negative, that the Television and the Internet have brought about in order to develop strategies towards a better use of their potential.