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<article-title>Unique Quantification: Beyond Russell and Kripke Islamic Philosophy of Naming</article-title>
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<author>Mashhad Al-Allaf</author>

<aff>The Petroleum Institute, UAE</aff>

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<title>ABSTRACT</title>
<p>Contrary to Kripke&#x2019;s ideas, and to some extent to those of Frege and Russell, I argue in this paper that a
proper name is a description that operates as a reality indicator. In the realm of Divine attributes and
names of God, I look at the topic from a different perspective; names of God and statements such as:
&#x2018;God is the Most Merciful&#x2019; and &#x2018;Mary is the virgin mother&#x2019; can be looked at as descriptions and at the
same time might have a status higher than that of Kripke&#x2019;s rigid designation. I first discuss the Islamic
views, then the western views, and at the end of this paper I try to offer a new sketch of the order of
these divine attributes.</p>
<p><italic>Keywords: </italic>Philosophy of language, Islamic philosophy of naming, Divine attributes, Unique
description, Definite description. </p>
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