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<article-title>Words and Music in James Joyce&#x2019;s &#x2018;Sirens&#x2019;</article-title>
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<author>Maria Frendo</author>

<aff>University of Malta</aff>

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<title>ABSTRACT</title>
<p>With Modernism, the move towards what Pater calls &#8220;aspiring towards the condition of music&#8221; seems part of the dialectics of modernism itself. What constitutes subjective consciousness, and the concern of what might be a representation of it are not simple things to segregate. &#8220;Music comes into the strain of modernism as expounded by Wagner, Mallarm&#233;, and Pater, amongst others, as an articulation precisely of the problem of an inter-subjective possibility. Pound could not see the irony of this: Joyce could.&#8221; The reader, arguably, agrees that the &#x2018;Sirens&#x2019; chapter of <italic>Ulysses</italic> is Joyce&#x2019;s most popular example of what one could call &#x2018;musical&#x2019; writing. From strictly a formal point of view, however, it is difficult to read the chapter as one would read a fugue. One understands that the entire <italic>Ulysses</italic> novel is an exercise in counterpoint, but this fact does not make it a fugue. In fact, the contrapuntal perspective of &#x2018;Sirens&#x2019; is, for the most part, a representation of the goings on in what Bucknell calls the &#8220;various narrative spaces within the Ormond bar and across Dublin&#8221; as Boylan prepares to meet Molly Bloom. If anything, &#x2018;Sirens&#x2019; is a parody of the both the musical and the poetic expression.</p>
<p><italic>Keywords: </italic>Modernism, Music, Joyce, <italic>Ulysses</italic>. </p>
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